The 5.3 scale

How exposed is your job to AI? Andrej Karpathy rated the average at 5.3 out of 10.

0 — No exposure5.3 — Average10 — Fully automatable

5.3

Average exposure

8.4

SW dev (highest tech)

1.8

Plumber (lowest)

Based on Andrej Karpathy's job exposure ratings (2026). The average American job scores 5.3/10 for AI automation exposure. Software developers are among the most exposed; trades requiring physical presence in variable environments are least exposed. Foundation's argument: if half of all jobs are above 5, you need the floor before the displacement hits.

Æ — Foundation · Humanity and AI